If there is standardized vacuum hose sizes, I've yet to understand it. Following a 3D printed grinder vacuum adaptor,
here is one for adapting the hose from a Fein Turbo III to a palm
sander via a 1-1/4" Shop-Vac hose. The 1-1/4" hose works nicely with the
sander. Sanding dust is pretty awful, so the HEPA filter of the Fein is
greatly appreciated. The part can be downloaded.
Originally, I attached the Fein directly to the sander using a
commercial adaptor, but I had to fight the weight of the larger hose.
This is the Shop-Vac hose, which included several adaptors, but none
mated with the Fein hose, though a collar might be available to get them
cooperating. The opposite end of the hose had a long rigid tapered
tube. Following a progression of cuts, a shortened tube fit the sander
well. There were two lengths where a fit was possible, one with the
inner diameter matching, and a shorted length with the outer diameter of
the tube matching. The shorter tube is nicer than the lever created by
the original length.
The final printed part, partially based on the previous grinder adaptor
and partially on one of the adaptors included with the hose.